Isotropic conductive paste for bioresorbable electronics

This study presents a highly conductive, mechanically robust, and fully bioresorbable tungsten-based conductive paste designed for transient implantable electronics. By combining tungsten microparticles with a beeswax–glycofurol matrix, the authors achieved isotropic electrical conductivity exceeding 7 kS/m while maintaining softness, flexibility, and controlled degradation in physiological environments. Comprehensive electrical, mechanical, and biocompatibility testing demonstrates that the paste can function as an interconnect material in bioresorbable sensors, wireless stimulators, and implantable electronic systems without inducing cytotoxic or inflammatory responses.