Semipermeable Membrane-Mediated Hydrogen Bonding Interface for Fabricating High-Performance Pure PEDOT:PSS Hydrogels

This study introduces a simple and effective method to fabricate high-performance pure PEDOT:PSS hydrogels using a semipermeable membrane-mediated hydrogen bonding interface. By attracting PSS chains through an ethanol-mediated process, the researchers achieved controllable phase separation between conductive PEDOT aggregates and insulating PSS domains. The resulting hydrogels exhibited enhanced tensile strength, stretchability, and electrical conductivity due to hierarchical microstructure formation and π–π conjugation-driven PEDOT aggregation. This approach provides a universal platform for developing conductive hydrogels for bioelectronic and soft robotic applications.