Conductive microgel annealed scaffolds enhance myogenic potential of myoblastic cells

This study developed conductive microgel annealed scaffolds composed of PEG and PEDOT:PSS to investigate how scaffold microporosity and conductivity influence muscle regeneration. Conductive scaffolds doubled conductivity (~3.5 × 10⁻⁶ S/cm) without altering stiffness (~28 kPa), enhanced proliferation and myogenic differentiation of C2C12 and human skeletal muscle-derived cells, and promoted pro-regenerative cytokine secretion. The work highlights the synergy of electrical and mechanical cues in muscle tissue repair.